Cardiovascular Diseases, HypertensionZestril (Generic)
Generic drugs, marketed without brand names, contain the exact same active ingredients used in their brand-name counterparts, but cost significantly less. The drugs are required to meet US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) standards for safety, purity and effectiveness.
Zestril
Generic Zestril may be taken by itself or in combination with other medications for the treatment of high blood pressure. Additionally, it can be utilized to treat heart failure and enhance one's chances of survival following a heart attack.
Generic Zestril (Lisinopril): A Comprehensive Overview
Introduction
Generic Zestril, known by its generic name Lisinopril, is a widely prescribed medication belonging to the class of drugs called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. It is primarily used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), heart failure, and to improve survival rates after a heart attack. Lisinopril is one of the most commonly prescribed medications in the world due to its efficacy, safety profile, and affordability, especially in its generic form. This article provides an in-depth exploration of Lisinopril, including its mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, side effects, contraindications, and its role in modern medicine.
1. Mechanism of Action
Lisinopril works by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which plays a critical role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). The RAAS is a hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. Here’s how Lisinopril exerts its effects:
Inhibition of ACE: ACE is responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that narrows blood vessels and increases blood pressure. By inhibiting ACE, Lisinopril reduces the production of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation (widening of blood vessels) and a subsequent decrease in blood pressure.
Reduction of Aldosterone Secretion: Angiotensin II also stimulates the release of aldosterone, a hormone that promotes sodium and water retention. By lowering angiotensin II levels, Lisinopril reduces aldosterone secretion, leading to decreased fluid retention and further lowering of blood pressure.
Improved Blood Flow: By relaxing blood vessels and reducing the workload on the heart, Lisinopril improves blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues, which is particularly beneficial in heart failure and post-heart attack recovery.
2. Therapeutic Uses
Lisinopril is approved for several medical conditions, including:
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Lisinopril is a first-line treatment for hypertension. It effectively lowers blood pressure, reducing the risk of complications such as stroke, heart attack, and kidney disease.
Heart Failure: In patients with heart failure, Lisinopril improves symptoms, increases exercise tolerance, and reduces the risk of hospitalization and death. It does so by reducing the heart's workload and improving cardiac output.
Post-Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack): Lisinopril is used to improve survival and prevent further heart damage in patients who have recently suffered a heart attack. It helps stabilize the heart and prevents remodeling, which can lead to heart failure.
Diabetic Nephropathy: Lisinopril is often prescribed to patients with diabetes to protect the kidneys from damage caused by high blood pressure. It slows the progression of kidney disease and reduces proteinuria (excess protein in the urine).
3. Dosage and Administration
Lisinopril is available in tablet form, with dosages ranging from 2.5 mg to 40 mg. The dosage depends on the condition being treated:
Hypertension: The typical starting dose is 10 mg once daily, which may be adjusted based on the patient's response.
Heart Failure: The starting dose is usually 5 mg once daily, gradually increased to a maintenance dose of 20-40 mg daily.
Post-Heart Attack: The initial dose is 5 mg within 24 hours of the heart attack, followed by 5 mg after 24 hours and 10 mg daily thereafter.
Lisinopril can be taken with or without food, but it is important to take it at the same time each day to maintain consistent blood levels.
4. Side Effects
Like all medications, Lisinopril can cause side effects, although not everyone experiences them. Common side effects include:
Dizziness or lightheadedness: This is often due to a drop in blood pressure, especially when standing up quickly.
Dry cough: A persistent, dry cough is a well-known side effect of ACE inhibitors and may require switching to a different class of medication.
Fatigue: Some patients may feel tired or weak.
Headache: Mild headaches are occasionally reported.
Hyperkalemia: Lisinopril can increase potassium levels in the blood, which may require monitoring.
Serious but rare side effects include:
Angioedema: Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention.
Kidney Impairment: Lisinopril can affect kidney function, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney disease.
Hypotension: Severe low blood pressure, especially in patients who are dehydrated or on diuretics.
5. Contraindications and Precautions
Lisinopril is not suitable for everyone. Contraindications and precautions include:
Pregnancy: ACE inhibitors, including Lisinopril, can cause harm to the fetus, particularly in the second and third trimesters. They should be avoided during pregnancy.
History of Angioedema: Patients with a history of angioedema related to ACE inhibitors should not take Lisinopril.
Renal Artery Stenosis: Lisinopril should be used with caution in patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis, as it can worsen kidney function.
Hyperkalemia: Patients with high potassium levels or those taking potassium-sparing diuretics should be monitored closely.
6. Drug Interactions
Lisinopril can interact with other medications, including:
Diuretics: Combining Lisinopril with diuretics can increase the risk of low blood pressure and kidney dysfunction.
NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., ibuprofen) can reduce the effectiveness of Lisinopril and increase the risk of kidney damage.
Potassium Supplements: Concurrent use can lead to dangerously high potassium levels.
Lithium: Lisinopril can increase lithium levels in the blood, potentially leading to toxicity.
7. Generic vs. Brand Name
Generic Lisinopril is bioequivalent to the brand-name drug Zestril, meaning it has the same active ingredient, dosage form, strength, and route of administration. The primary difference is cost, as generic Lisinopril is significantly more affordable. This makes it accessible to a broader population, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
8. Role in Modern Medicine
Lisinopril has revolutionized the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. Its ability to lower blood pressure, protect the heart, and prevent kidney damage has made it a cornerstone of cardiovascular therapy. The availability of generic Lisinopril has further expanded its use, ensuring that patients worldwide can benefit from its therapeutic effects.
Conclusion
Generic Zestril (Lisinopril) is a versatile and essential medication in the management of hypertension, heart failure, and other cardiovascular conditions. Its well-established efficacy, safety profile, and affordability have made it a mainstay in modern medicine. However, like all medications, it must be used under medical supervision to minimize risks and maximize benefits. For millions of patients worldwide, Lisinopril represents a lifeline, offering hope and improved quality of life.
Tablet containing Lisinopril and Hydrochlorothiazide
What kind of medication is this?
A diuretic and an ACE inhibitor are both components of the medication known as LISINOPRIL; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It is a medication that is used to treat hypertension.
Before I start using this medication, what should I discuss with my primary care physician?
People have a right to know if you suffer from any of the following conditions:
illness affecting the bone marrow
urine concentration that is lower than normal might be a sign of heart disease or blood vessel disease if you are on a particular diet like a low salt diet.
immune system issues, such lupus renal disease
illness of the liver
a history of enlargement of the tongue, face, or lips, accompanied by difficulties breathing or swallowing, hoarseness, or constriction of the throat
recent cardiac arrest or cerebrovascular accident
a response that is not typical or an allergic reaction to lisinopril, hydrochlorothiazide, sulfa medications, other medicines, insect venom, foods, colors, or preservatives
pregnant or attempting to get pregnant
breast-feeding
What is the correct way to take this medication?
This medication should be taken orally with a full glass of water. You can take this medication either with or without food. Either way is OK. Always remember to space out your dosages evenly. Do not take your medication more frequently than recommended by the label. You should not stop taking this medication unless specifically instructed to do so by your physician or another qualified medical expert.
Have a discussion with your child's physician about the possibility of giving them this medication. It's possible that further attention is required.
In the event that you believe you may have taken an excessive amount of this medication, you should immediately contact a poison control center or an emergency facility.
PLEASE TAKE NOTE That no one else should use this medication. It is important that others not use this medication.
What should I do if I forget a dose?
If you forget to take a dosage, you should take it as soon as you remember it. Take only that dose if it is getting close to the time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take the recommended dose in double or excess amounts.
What other substances could react with this medication?
medications for high blood pressure that contain barbiturates, such as phenobarbital
corticosteroids similar prednisone diabetic medicines
diuretics, in particular triamterene, spirolactone, or lithium amiloride,
Anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen Potassium salts or potassium supplements Prescription pain medications
medicines that decrease cholesterol, such as cholestyramine and colestipol, as well as muscle relaxants, such as tubocurarine, are examples of these types of drugs.
It's probable that this list doesn't cover all of the possible interactions. Provide your primary care physician with a list of all the medications, herbs, over-the-counter pharmaceuticals, and dietary supplements that you are currently using. Additionally let them know whether you are a smoker, a drinker, or if you take any illicit substances. It's possible that certain things might react badly with your medication.
What side effects should I be on the lookout for when using this medication?
You should schedule frequent checkups with your primary care physician or another qualified medical expert. Do the necessary checks on your blood pressure. Consult your primary care physician or another qualified medical practitioner about the ideal range for your blood pressure and when you should follow up with him or her. If you experience an irregular or rapid heartbeat, you should contact your physician or another qualified medical expert immediately.
You must not get dehydrated. In order to determine how much liquids you should consume on a daily basis, consult your physician or another qualified medical practitioner. If you experience an episode of severe diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, or if you sweat a lot, you should get in touch with him or her as soon as possible. Using this medication while you have lost an excessive amount of bodily fluid may put your health at jeopardy.
If a woman has the desire to conceive or suspects that she may already be pregnant, she should consult her primary care physician. There is a possibility that an unborn kid will have major adverse consequences. Please see a member of your health care team or your pharmacist for further information.
You may become tired or dizzy. Do not get behind the wheel of a vehicle, operate heavy machinery, or engage in any activity that requires mental alertness until you have determined how this medicine affects you. Take it easy when getting up, especially if you are an older patient who needs medical attention. This lowers the likelihood of experiencing periods of lightheadedness or fainting. Drinking alcohol can amplify both drowsiness and lightheadedness. Steer clear of alcoholic beverages.
It is possible that this medication will change the amount of sugar in your blood. If you have diabetes, you should discuss any changes to the dosage of your diabetes medication with your primary care physician or another qualified medical expert.
If your doctor or another qualified medical practitioner advises you otherwise, you should steer clear of salt replacements.
This medication has the potential to increase your sensitivity to the sun. Stay out of the direct sunlight. Wear protective gear and be sure to apply sunscreen if you can't help but be outside in the sun. Avoid using sun lamps as well as tanning beds and booths.
While you are taking this medication, you should not self-medicate for coughs, colds, or discomfort without first consulting your physician or another qualified medical expert for guidance. There is a possibility that some of the substances will raise your blood pressure.
What potential negative reactions may I have to this medication?
You should report the following side effects to your physician or another qualified medical expert as soon as possible:
symptoms including muddled thinking, vertigo, lightheadedness, and even fainting.
lower volume of urine that was passed.
a rapid or irregular heartbeat, palpitations, or chest discomfort; trouble breathing or swallowing; hoarseness; or a constriction of the throat are among symptoms that may be experienced.
muscular spasms
stomach upset and puking
coughing that is dry and continuous
a rash that may include redness, blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin, even inside the mouth.
gastrointestinal discomfort edema of the face, lips, tongue, hands, or feet strange rash, bleeding, or bruising on the skin small red patches on the skin
increased suffering from gout
symptoms including yellowing of the eyes and skin
Coughing, diminished sexual function or desire, and headache are examples of side effects that, in most cases, may not require immediate medical treatment (although you should let your doctor or another health care provider know if they persist or are troublesome).
It's conceivable that this list doesn't cover all of the potential negative consequences.
Where should I store my medication, if you please?
Be sure that youngsters can't get their hands on it.
Keep at a temperature between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius at room temperature (68 and 77 degrees F). Guard against exposure to excessive light and moisture. Maintain a secure lid on the container. After the expiration date, any medicine that has been used but not finished should be thrown away.
Testimonials
What’s great about this site is they have such a wide
selection of products. I wasn’t happy with my current ED product was using, so I was able to
try out a different kind and see if it was a better fit for my needs. Which it was!
– John, Wellington
I have been buying brand meds name for years and it never
crossed my mind how much cheaper the generic versions were. When I started browsing the
items I couldn’t believe the price difference! This is my go to shop right now.
– Eric, London
I wasn’t quite sure about buying my medication online as I
always bought it in store. I spoke to one of their support reps and they were really nice
and helped to explain how it works and made me feel much more comfortable with my order!
– Jenna, Leeds
has all the best generic items at crazy good prices. I order here every month.
– Pete, Birmingham
I got my package in just under a week with no problems at all!
Highly recommended.
– Jerry, Quebec
It was my first time ordering at
and it definitely won’t be my last! They had all the items I needed in one place and the
prices are the best I could find online.
– Phil, Ontario
I used to buy my meds online but I had to pay a good amount
for shipping. When I found this site I was thrilled to see they offer free discreet
shipping. I am saving significantly more money.
– Arthur, Vancouver
You cannot compare the prices found at
to anywhere else online. These are the best prices by far!
– Barbara, Auckland
What’s great about this site is they have such a wide
selection of products. I wasn’t happy with my current ED product was using, so I was able to
try out a different kind and see if it was a better fit for my needs. Which it was!
– John, Wellington
I have been buying brand meds name for years and it never
crossed my mind how much cheaper the generic versions were. When I started browsing the
items I couldn’t believe the price difference! This is my go to shop right now.
– Eric, London
I wasn’t quite sure about buying my medication online as I
always bought it in store. I spoke to one of their support reps and they were really nice
and helped to explain how it works and made me feel much more comfortable with my order!
– Jenna, Leeds
has all the best generic items at crazy good prices. I order here every month.
– Pete, Birmingham
I got my package in just under a week with no problems at all!
Highly recommended.
– Jerry, Quebec
It was my first time ordering at
and it definitely won’t be my last! They had all the items I needed in one place and the
prices are the best I could find online.
– Phil, Ontario
I used to buy my meds online but I had to pay a good amount
for shipping. When I found this site I was thrilled to see they offer free discreet
shipping. I am saving significantly more money.
– Arthur, Vancouver
You cannot compare the prices found at
to anywhere else online. These are the best prices by far!
– Barbara, Auckland