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Tobradex

Antibiotics, Eye Care Tobradex (Generic) Generic drugs, marketed without brand names, contain the exact same active ingredients used in their brand-name counterparts, but cost significantly less. The drugs are required to meet US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) standards for safety, purity and effectiveness.
Tobradex

To treat bacterial infections of the eyes, tobradex ophthalmic can be used topically. Antibiotic treatment is provided with tobramycin. Infections caused by bacteria can be cured with its help. One kind of steroid is called dexamethasone. The inflammation that might occur as a result of bacterial infections of the eye can be reduced with the help of dexamethasone ophthalmic.

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Tobradex: A Comprehensive Overview

Introduction

Tobradex is a widely used ophthalmic medication that combines two active ingredients: tobramycin, an antibiotic, and dexamethasone, a corticosteroid. This combination makes Tobradex effective in treating a variety of eye conditions that involve inflammation and infection. The medication is available in several forms, including eye drops and ointment, and is prescribed by healthcare professionals to manage and alleviate symptoms associated with bacterial eye infections and inflammatory conditions.

Composition and Mechanism of Action

  1. Tobramycin:

    • Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It is effective against a broad spectrum of Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. By binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of bacterial cells, tobramycin prevents the formation of functional proteins, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death.

  2. Dexamethasone:

    • Dexamethasone is a potent corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and anti-proliferative properties. It works by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators, reducing vascular permeability, and suppressing the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. This helps to reduce swelling, redness, and discomfort associated with inflammatory eye conditions.

Indications

Tobradex is indicated for the treatment of various ocular conditions, including:

  • Bacterial Conjunctivitis: An infection of the conjunctiva caused by bacteria, leading to redness, discharge, and discomfort.

  • Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelids, often associated with bacterial infection.

  • Keratitis: Inflammation of the cornea, which can be infectious or non-infectious.

  • Uveitis: Inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye.

  • Postoperative Inflammation: Used to manage inflammation following eye surgery.

Dosage and Administration

The dosage and administration of Tobradex depend on the specific formulation (eye drops or ointment) and the severity of the condition being treated. Generally, the recommended dosage is as follows:

  • Tobradex Eye Drops: Typically, 1 to 2 drops are instilled into the affected eye(s) every 4 to 6 hours. In severe cases, the frequency may be increased to every 2 hours during the initial days of treatment.

  • Tobradex Ointment: A small amount (approximately 1 cm) is applied to the affected eye(s) every 3 to 4 hours. The frequency may be adjusted based on the response to treatment.

It is crucial to follow the prescribing physician's instructions and complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.

Contraindications

Tobradex is contraindicated in patients with:

  • Known hypersensitivity to tobramycin, dexamethasone, or any other components of the formulation.

  • Viral infections of the eye (e.g., herpes simplex keratitis).

  • Fungal infections of the eye.

  • Mycobacterial infections of the eye.

  • Acute purulent untreated infections, as corticosteroids may mask the infection or exacerbate it.

Precautions and Warnings

  • Prolonged Use: Long-term use of Tobradex may increase the risk of ocular hypertension, glaucoma, optic nerve damage, and cataract formation. Regular monitoring of intraocular pressure is recommended during extended treatment.

  • Secondary Infections: Prolonged use may also lead to secondary fungal or bacterial infections due to the immunosuppressive effects of dexamethasone.

  • Contact Lenses: Patients should avoid wearing contact lenses during treatment with Tobradex, as the preservatives in the medication may be absorbed by the lenses and cause irritation.

  • Pregnancy and Lactation: The safety of Tobradex during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been established. It should be used only if the potential benefits outweigh the risks.

  • Pediatric Use: The safety and efficacy of Tobradex in children have not been fully established. Use in pediatric patients should be under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Adverse Effects

Common side effects of Tobradex may include:

  • Ocular: Burning, stinging, or itching sensation in the eye; blurred vision; increased intraocular pressure; conjunctival erythema; corneal edema.

  • Systemic: Although rare, systemic absorption of the medication can lead to side effects such as headache, nausea, and allergic reactions.

Drug Interactions

Tobradex may interact with other medications, including:

  • Other Ophthalmic Agents: Concurrent use with other eye medications should be done with caution, as it may increase the risk of adverse effects or reduce the efficacy of either medication.

  • Systemic Corticosteroids: Patients on systemic corticosteroids may be at increased risk of systemic side effects when using Tobradex.

Patient Counseling

Patients should be advised on the proper administration technique for Tobradex:

  1. Eye Drops:

    • Wash hands thoroughly before use.

    • Tilt the head back and pull down the lower eyelid to create a small pocket.

    • Instill the prescribed number of drops into the pocket without touching the dropper tip to the eye or any other surface.

    • Close the eye gently and press on the inner corner of the eye (near the nose) for about 1 minute to prevent the medication from draining into the tear duct.

    • If multiple eye drops are prescribed, wait at least 5 minutes between applications.

  2. Ointment:

    • Wash hands thoroughly before use.

    • Tilt the head back and pull down the lower eyelid to create a small pocket.

    • Apply a small amount of ointment into the pocket without touching the tube tip to the eye or any other surface.

    • Close the eye gently and roll the eyeball in all directions to spread the ointment.

    • Blot away any excess ointment from the eyelids and lashes.

Patients should also be informed about the importance of completing the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve, to prevent the recurrence of infection or resistance development.

Conclusion

Tobradex is a potent combination medication that effectively addresses both bacterial infections and inflammatory conditions of the eye. Its dual-action formulation makes it a valuable tool in ophthalmic practice, providing relief from symptoms and promoting healing. However, like all medications, it must be used judiciously, with careful attention to contraindications, precautions, and potential side effects. Patients should be adequately counseled on proper administration techniques and the importance of adherence to the prescribed treatment regimen to ensure optimal outcomes.

As with any medication, the use of Tobradex should be guided by a healthcare professional, and patients should report any adverse effects or concerns promptly. By following these guidelines, Tobradex can be safely and effectively used to manage a variety of ocular conditions, improving patient quality of life and visual health.

Ophthalmic formulation of Tobradex What is ophthalmic Tobramycin and Dexamethasone and how does it work? Tobradex ophthalmic is formulated with both tobramycin and dexamethasone as active ingredients. Antibiotic treatment is provided with tobramycin. Infections caused by bacteria can be cured with its help. One kind of steroid is called dexamethasone. The inflammation that might occur as a result of bacterial infections of the eye can be reduced with the help of dexamethasone ophthalmic. The combination of tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic is a medication that is applied to the eyes in order to treat bacterial infections or inflammation. It can be obtained in the form of an ointment as well as a liquid suspension. Information that is essential to know If the symptoms continue to worsen or if you do not notice any improvement in the condition after a few days, you should make an appointment with your primary care physician. Under no circumstances should the entrance of the dropper or the tube be brought into contact with any surface, including your hands or eyes. The entrance of the dropper or tube has been sterilized. In the event that it becomes contaminated, it has the potential to give the eye an infection. With each drop, exert a slight amount of pressure on the inner corner of your eye, close to your nose, to stop the liquid from traveling down your tear duct. What questions should I ask my physician before beginning to use? If you have an eye infection caused by a virus or fungus, such as herpes, vaccinia, or varicella, you should not take Tobramycin with Dexamethasone ophthalmic because it might make your condition worse. Only illnesses that are brought on by bacteria can be cured with this medication. In cases of mycobacterial infections of the eye, you should not make use of Tobramycin and Dexamethasone ophthalmic. If you think you could be allergic to aminoglycoside antibiotics, you should let your doctor know (including gentamicin, streptomycin, tobramycin, others). It's possible that this will result in an allergic response to the Tobramycin and Dexamethasone ophthalmic combination. It is not known whether or not Tobramycin plus Dexamethasone ophthalmic will cause damage to a developing baby if it is used during pregnancy. If you are pregnant, you should not use Tobramycin with Dexamethasone ophthalmic until you have first discussed the matter with your physician. To yet, it has not been determined if tobramycin or dexamethasone may be found in breast milk. If you are a breastfeeding mother, you should not take this medicine until you have discussed it with your pediatrician. How should I apply the ophthalmic solution of tobramycin and dexamethasone? Follow your physician's instructions to the letter when applying the eye drops or ointment that include tobramycin and dexamethasone. If you are unable to comprehend these instructions, please consult with your nurse, pharmacist, or physician to have them clarified. Never apply the ointment or eye drops for a longer period of time than was instructed by your physician. Glaucoma, nerve damage in the eye, and the growth of cataracts are all possible side effects of taking steroids for an extended period of time, as is the case with Tobramycin and Dexamethasone ophthalmic. Always remember to wash your hands before and after using any medication, including eye drops. To administer the eye drops as follows: To ensure that the drug is well combined, gently shake the dropper bottle. Put your head in a very little tilt back and pull down on the bottom eyelid of your eye. Put the dropper where it will not interfere with your vision. Turn your gaze upward and away from the liquid droplet. Squeeze out a drop and shut your eye. Applying light pressure to the inside corner of your eye (near your nose) and holding it there for around one minute can stop liquid from flowing down your tear duct and into your eye. Repeat the process, being sure to wait about five minutes between each drop, if you plan on utilizing more than one drop in the same eye. Repeat the technique in the second eye if you are putting drops in both of your eyes at the same time. Do not contact any surface, including your eyes or hands, with the opening of the dropper at any time. The aperture of the dropper has been sterilized. In the event that it becomes contaminated, it has the potential to give the eye an infection. Eyedrops should not be used if they seem cloudy or if they contain any particles. Keep the ophthalmic solution of tobramycin and dexamethasone at room temperature and out of the reach of moisture and heat. Make sure the bottle is properly sealed at all times. What can I expect if I forget to take a dose? As soon as you realize you missed a dosage, it should be administered as normal. If, on the other hand, it is almost time for the next regularly scheduled dose, you should forego the dose that you missed and proceed with the following one in accordance with the instructions. It is not recommended that you take a duplicate dosage of this medicine. What happens if I overdose? It is extremely unusual for someone to receive an overdose of tobramycin plus dexamethasone ophthalmic. Side effects of Tobramycin and Dexamethasone in Ophthalmic Solution It is not anticipated that the combination of tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic would result in any serious adverse effects. There is a possibility that you will experience burning, stinging, irritation, itching, redness, blurred vision, eyelid itching, eyelid swelling, or sensitivity to light. These side effects may occur in combination with one another. Glaucoma, nerve damage in the eye, or the development of cataracts are all potential side effects of using Tobramycin and Dexamethasone ophthalmic over an extended period of time. What other medications than Tobramycin and Dexamethasone ophthalmic might potentially interact with it? Unless otherwise advised by your physician, you should refrain from using any additional eye drops or drugs while you are undergoing treatment with Tobramycin and Dexamethasone ophthalmic. Inform your physician if you are currently taking an oral steroid medicine such as prednisone before beginning treatment with Tobramycin and Dexamethasone ophthalmic (Deltasone, Orasone, others). Tobramycin and Dexamethasone ophthalmic may also interact with medications that are not listed here. These medications are only some of the possible culprits. Before you take any drug, whether it be prescribed or over-the-counter, or even herbal, you should discuss it with both your doctor and your pharmacist. More details may be found here. To review, keep this drug and all others out of the reach of children at all times, never give anyone else your medications, and make sure you use this medication solely for the purpose for which it was intended. Please check with your doctor or other healthcare professional to confirm that the information contained on this page is applicable to your specific situation before acting upon it.

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